Posts

The ‘New’ 401(k) Retirement Savings ‘Problem’

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   For years, the retirement industry has been obsessed with one key problem: people aren’t saving enough. Now, “suddenly,” we have another. Retirees aren’t spending “enough.” There’s a certain irony in that. After decades of urging discipline, restraint, and delayed gratification, we’re now concerned that retirees are  too  disciplined — that they’re depriving themselves of the very retirement they spent a lifetime preparing for. Some of that is clearly a byproduct of the defined contribution system itself. We’ve spent years focusing workers on how much they can accumulate, not how much they can spend. Defined benefit plans answered a very different question: What will I get? Defined contribution plans leave retirees staring at a balance and wondering how long it will last.  And once the paycheck stops, that question gets very real, very fast. Because while you can model returns, you can’t model life. Inflation, healthcare costs, longevity—those aren’t just var...

Do Small Businesses (Still) Back Mandatory State-Run IRAs?

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  A new report suggests that small business owners broadly support state-run IRA programs — with the strongest backing among newer firms. Or at least they did. The just-published  survey  comes from Pew Charitable Trusts, which has previously (and consistently) chronicled support for these programs among small businesses.  This latest was conducted among employers in three states where that type of legislation has been introduced:  Massachusetts , Pennsylvania, and  Washington .  According to Pew, support is strong across the board: 84% of respondents in Massachusetts, 76% in Pennsylvania, and 73% in Washington favor establishing an automated savings program (ASP). The report also highlights bipartisan backing, with majorities of Republican, Democratic, and independent business owners expressing support.  It further finds “statistically significant” support among newer firms, those with moderate revenues, service-sector businesses, and — perhaps n...

Brackets, Busts — and Building a Resilient Retirement Plan

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By now, most brackets tied to NCAA March Madness   are already busted . That didn’t take long. Then again, it never does. Every March, millions of us confidently — or at least optimistically — predict outcomes in a tournament defined by unpredictability. We study matchups, trends, seeding history, and (too) often assume that the track record of colleges of our youth remains constant — and then watch a 12-seed dismantle our assumptions before the first weekend is out. Though in fairness,  alumni  affections DO plan a role (well, for those of you whose alma mater makes it into the tournament, anyway). If that sounds familiar, it should. Because in a lot of ways, retirement planning isn’t all that different. It’s focused (or should be) on projections based on reasonable assumptions — expected returns, steady contributions, rational behavior over time. And then reality intervenes. Markets don’t cooperate. Emergencies emerge. Excrement occurs. Life happens. And ...

The ‘Fiduciary Rule’ that Wasn’t

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  After years of anticipation — and months of litigation — the Department of Labor’s latest attempt to expand the definition of fiduciary investment advice is now dead. That said, and with apologies to Mark Twain, reports of the “death” of the fiduciary rule are somewhat exaggerated. The 2024 version — the so-called Retirement Security Rule — was  vacated , which, in legal terms, means we treat it as if it never existed. But ERISA’s fiduciary framework remains very much alive. Indeed, for advisors already serving as fiduciaries for retirement plans under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, the practical impact of the recent court ruling is minimal. Advisors serving as 3(21) fiduciaries or 3(38) investment managers were — and remain — subject to ERISA’s duties of prudence and loyalty.  Many advisory firms, frankly, had already adopted procedures and business models that would likely have satisfied even the Obama-era fiduciary rule. Where the rule...

What ‘Average’ 401(k) Balances Really ‘Mean’

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   Every few months another headline pops up lamenting the inadequacy of the “average” 401(k) balance. The implication is usually the same: Americans aren’t saving enough, retirement is in peril, and the numbers prove it. The problem isn’t that the math is wrong. The problem is that the math is answering the wrong question. I’ve noted before how misleading averages can be — and, frankly, medians aren’t a lot better when it comes to tracking 401(k) savings. The issue isn’t the arithmetic; it’s the reality of how people actually work and save. Because people change jobs. And when they change jobs, they change 401(k)s — and 401(k) providers. They might leave the balance behind with the old employer (something that happens a lot). They might roll it over to an IRA (which probably happens a lot as well), in which case it disappears from 401(k) tracking altogether. Or they might roll it into their new employer’s plan — though that still seems to be the minority outcome. Regardless o...